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Impact of Drain Effluent on Surficial Sediments in theMediterranean Coastal Wetland: SedimentologicalCharacteristics and Metal PollutionStatus at Lake Manzala, Egypt

摘要:Surface sediments were collected from Lake Manzala, the Mediterranean coastal wetland located to the east of the Nile Delta, Egypt, to assess the effect of drain effluent on the spatial variations of sedimentary characteristics and heavy metal pollution. Grain-size compositions, textures, and heavy metal distribution patterns in sediments are presented using GIS technique. Results of the analysis of the sediment showed a clear effect of drain effluent, with an increase in fine fractions and homogeneous suspensions in transportation mode. Lake sediments were dominated by sandy mud textures, and mode of transportation was homogeneous sus- pension and rolling. Spatial distribution of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Pb) was studied in the lake’s surficial sediments, along with their relationship to drain effluent and their contamination status in the ecological system. Heavy metal pollution status was assessed by means of accepted sediment quality guidelines and contamination assessment methods (contamination factor, con- tamination degree, modified contamination degree, geo-accumulation, and enrichment factor). Among the determined heavy metals, Pb had the most ecological risk. Generally, the heavy metals in the surface sediments indicated pollution risk ranging from moderate to considerable, particularly, in those sites facing drains and inlets that had the highest toxic effluent. The results were interpreted by statistical means. A cluster analysis defined areas facing drain discharge and inlets as separated groups. ANOVA indicated that most of the sedimentation and studied metals directed this clustering.

關(guān)鍵詞:
  • lake  
  • manzala  
  • mediterranean  
  • wetland  
  • metal  
  • pollution  
  • sedimentological  
  • characteristics  
作者:
FARHAT; Hassan; I
單位:
Geology; Department; Faculty; of; Science; Suez; University; El; Salam; City; 43518; Egypt
刊名:
中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)·自然科學(xué)版

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中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)·自然科學(xué)版緊跟學(xué)術(shù)前沿,緊貼讀者,國(guó)內(nèi)刊號(hào)為:37-1414/P。堅(jiān)持指導(dǎo)性與實(shí)用性相結(jié)合的原則,創(chuàng)辦于1959年,雜志在全國(guó)同類期刊中發(fā)行數(shù)量名列前茅。